Developmental Theories of Psychology
Infancy
Erickson Stage - Trust vs. Mistrust
Developmental Task to Achieve - Sense of trust. Needs must be met and affection must be provided
Piaget's Stage - Sensorimotor. Learning about senses through experiences.
Kohlberg's Stage - Pre-Convention Morality. Right and wrong are learned through reactions and external stimuli
Early Childhood
Erickson Stage - Autonomy vs. Shame/Doubt
Developmental Task to Achieve - Sense of Autonomy. The child begins to develop a sense of self
Piaget's Stage - Sensorimotor. Learning about senses through experiences.
Kohlberg's Stage - Pre-Convention Morality. Right and wrong are learned through reactions and external stimuli
Preschool
Erickson Stage - Initiative vs. Guilt
Developmental Task to Achieve - Sense of initiative. Imagination starts to flourish. Erratic behavior is common.
Piaget's Stage - Preoperational. Simple words and sentences. Very little logical reasoning
Kohlberg's Stage - Pre-Conventional Morality. Right and wrong are learned through reactions and external stimuli
School Age
Erikson Stage - Industry vs. Autonomy
Developmental Task to Achieve - Sense of accomplishment. Made up worlds begin to be replaced by the real world. Academic and social achievement are important
Piaget's Stage - Concrete Operational. Logical thinking is on the rise.
Kohlberg's Stage - Conventional Morality. Attempting to conform to societal expectations.
Adolescence
Erikson Stage - Identity vs. Identity Crisis
Developmental Task to Achieve - Sense of Identity. Who you are as a person becomes important.
Piaget's Stage - Formal Operational. Complex abstract thinking is common
Kohlberg's Stage - Conventional Morality. Attempting to conform to societal expectations.
Young Adulthood
Erikson Stage - Intimacy vs. Isolation
Developmental Task to Achieve - Sense of Intimacy. Establishing close relationships with other people.
Piaget's Stage - Formal Operational. Complex abstract thinking is common
Kohlberg's Stage - Conventional Morality. Attempting to conform to societal expectations.
Adulthood
Erikson Stage - Generality vs. Stagnation
Developmental Task to Achieve - Parental Sense. Productivity not only for others but also for self.
Piaget's Stage - Formal Operational. Complex abstract thinking is common
Kohlberg's Stage - Post-Conventional Morality. Abstract thinking on justice and individual rights. Morals are much less black and white.
Mature Adulthood
Erikson Stage - Ego Integrity vs. Despair
Developmental Task to Achieve - Sense of Integrity. Sense of self merges with the cultural norms. Meaning of life is important.
Piaget's Stage - Formal Operational. Complex abstract thinking is common
Kohlberg's Stage - Post-Conventional Morality. Abstract thinking on justice and individual rights. Morals are much less black and white.
Erickson Stages of Maturity
Erickson devised 8 social stages that every healthy adult must pass through in order to be socially mature.